Define scientific management. State any three of its principles.
The term Scientific Management means the management of scientific, standardised methods,it is concerned with knowing exactly what you want it your men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and the cheapest manner.Therefor, Scientific management refers to an important stream of one of the earlier who sought to improve industrial efficiency.Thus, Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes to management.
The methods used in any scientific investigation include research and experimentation, collection of data, analysis of data, and formulation of certain principles on the basis of such analysis. Scientific management seeks to maximize the efficiency of the plant by using these methods for its operation.Taylor published “The Principles of Scientific Management” in 1911, which explains his process of using scientific studies to analyze, optimize and standardize workflow.
Scientific management can be summarized in four main principles:
(a) Using scientific methods to determine and standardize the one best way of doing a job
(b) A clear division of tasks and responsibilities
(c) High pay for high-performing employees
(d) A hierarchy of authority and strict surveillance of employees
The three principle of scientific management are explain in below:
(a)Science, not rule of thumb: The basic principle of scientific management as propounded by Taylor is the rule of thumb. The idea of scientific management is derived from science and as it is the theory. To manage activities in a scientific manner we have to start with understanding, analyzing and applying scientific methods and techniques. It is about the use and application of scientific methods and techniques in carrying out theoretical activities.According to Taylor even doing any small activity of production should be done scientifically for saving manpower and wastage of time and materials.
(b) Harmony, Not Discord: In an organization there is always the possibility of conflict between employer and employee due to class differences. Taylor recognized this and emphasized that there should be complete harmony between the management and the workers. To achieve this position, Taylor called for a complete mental revolution on the part of both the management and the workers. This means that the management and the workers should change their thinking. The management should share the profit of the company with the workers and at the same time, the workers should work hard and be ready to adopt the changes for the betterment of the company.
management should share Company's profit, if any, including staff. At the same time Workers must work hard and be ready to embrace change the good of the company. Both Must be part of the family. According to Taylor 'Scientist' management for foundation of conviction That . true interests of both are the same; Sheprosperity for the employer can't exist for long it is with prosperity For employees and vice president harmful'.
(c) Cooperation, Not Individualism: This principle emphasised cooperation among managers and workers over individualism. This principle was an elongation of the principle of ‘Harmony, not Discord’. As per this principle, workers and managers should replace competition with cooperation and should realise the importance of each other. In this regard, management should take care of workers’ needs and share some portion of profits with workers. Similarly, workers should give their best to the organisation.
According to Taylor, there should be an almost equal division of work and responsibility between workers and management. All the day long the management should work almost side by side with the workers helping, encouraging and smoothing the way for them.
The methods used in any scientific investigation include research and experimentation, collection of data, analysis of data, and formulation of certain principles on the basis of such analysis. Scientific management seeks to maximize the efficiency of the plant by using these methods for its operation.Taylor published “The Principles of Scientific Management” in 1911, which explains his process of using scientific studies to analyze, optimize and standardize workflow.
Scientific management can be summarized in four main principles:
(a) Using scientific methods to determine and standardize the one best way of doing a job
(b) A clear division of tasks and responsibilities
(c) High pay for high-performing employees
(d) A hierarchy of authority and strict surveillance of employees
The three principle of scientific management are explain in below:
(a)Science, not rule of thumb: The basic principle of scientific management as propounded by Taylor is the rule of thumb. The idea of scientific management is derived from science and as it is the theory. To manage activities in a scientific manner we have to start with understanding, analyzing and applying scientific methods and techniques. It is about the use and application of scientific methods and techniques in carrying out theoretical activities.According to Taylor even doing any small activity of production should be done scientifically for saving manpower and wastage of time and materials.
(b) Harmony, Not Discord: In an organization there is always the possibility of conflict between employer and employee due to class differences. Taylor recognized this and emphasized that there should be complete harmony between the management and the workers. To achieve this position, Taylor called for a complete mental revolution on the part of both the management and the workers. This means that the management and the workers should change their thinking. The management should share the profit of the company with the workers and at the same time, the workers should work hard and be ready to adopt the changes for the betterment of the company.
management should share Company's profit, if any, including staff. At the same time Workers must work hard and be ready to embrace change the good of the company. Both Must be part of the family. According to Taylor 'Scientist' management for foundation of conviction That . true interests of both are the same; Sheprosperity for the employer can't exist for long it is with prosperity For employees and vice president harmful'.
(c) Cooperation, Not Individualism: This principle emphasised cooperation among managers and workers over individualism. This principle was an elongation of the principle of ‘Harmony, not Discord’. As per this principle, workers and managers should replace competition with cooperation and should realise the importance of each other. In this regard, management should take care of workers’ needs and share some portion of profits with workers. Similarly, workers should give their best to the organisation.
According to Taylor, there should be an almost equal division of work and responsibility between workers and management. All the day long the management should work almost side by side with the workers helping, encouraging and smoothing the way for them.